Deeply Understanding the Theoretical Connotations and Innovative Contributions of Building a New Development Paradigm (In-depth Study and Implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era · A Discussion on Original and Defining Concepts)深刻理解构建新发展格局的理论内涵与创新贡献（深入学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想·原创性概念标识性概念纵横谈）

May 26 2025 People’s Daily page 9 by Zhang Yan 张燕 and Wang Chen 王琛 of the Xi Jinping Economic Thought Research Center 习近平经济思想研究中心

https://paper.people.com.cn/rmrb/pc/content/202505/26/content_30075268.html

Translated by Sinocism.com

The Theoretical Innovation and Practical Significance of Constructing a New Development Pattern

In 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed at the seventh meeting of the Central Committee for Financial and Economic Affairs of the 19th CPC Central Committee the construction of a new development pattern with domestic circulation as the main body and domestic and international dual circulation mutually promoting each other. He has since made profound elaborations on this topic multiple times, making it an important component of Xi Jinping Economic Thought and providing fundamental guidance for consolidating the foundation of China's economic development and enhancing the security and stability of development. On April 30 of this year, when General Secretary Xi Jinping chaired a symposium on economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period with some provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities, he emphasized: "We must unswervingly handle our own affairs well, unswervingly expand high-level opening-up, take multiple measures to stabilize employment, enterprises, markets, and expectations, effectively stabilize the basic economic foundation, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, and comprehensively promote high-quality development." This provides scientific guidance for us to scientifically plan economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.

2020年，习近平总书记在十九届中央财经委员会第七次会议上提出构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局，此后又多次作出深刻阐述，成为习近平经济思想的重要内容，为夯实我国经济发展的根基、增强发展的安全性稳定性提供了根本遵循。今年4月30日，习近平总书记主持召开部分省区市"十五五"时期经济社会发展座谈会时强调："要坚定不移办好自己的事，坚定不移扩大高水平对外开放，多措并举稳就业、稳企业、稳市场、稳预期，有效稳住经济基本盘，加快构建新发展格局，全面推动高质量发展。"这为我们科学谋划好"十五五"时期经济社会发展提供了科学指引。

As an original and distinctive concept in Xi Jinping Economic Thought, constructing a new development pattern achieves organic unity of strategic, theoretical, and practical dimensions. From a strategic perspective, constructing a new development pattern is a major decision and deployment made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, based on changes in China's development stage, environment, and conditions, with a focus on achieving the second centenary goal and grasping the initiative for future development. It is a strategic choice to reshape China's new advantages in international cooperation and competition, and a major strategic task related to China's overall development. From a theoretical perspective, constructing a new development pattern inherits and develops the theoretical analytical framework of Marxist political economy regarding economic circulation and social reproduction. In scientifically answering the questions of our times regarding China's economic development in the new era, it deepens our Party's understanding of the laws governing economic development with Chinese characteristics and achieves innovative development of Marxist political economy. From a practical perspective, constructing a new development pattern clarifies the path choice for China's economic modernization and can guide us on how to enhance the endogenous driving force and reliability of domestic circulation, how to improve the quality and level of international circulation in promoting healthy development of economic globalization, and how to better coordinate domestic and international circulation, providing a scientific path for China's transformation from an economic power to an economic powerhouse.

作为习近平经济思想中具有原创性、标识性的概念，构建新发展格局实现了战略性、理论性、实践性的有机统一。从战略上看，构建新发展格局是以习近平同志为核心的党中央根据我国发展阶段、环境、条件变化，着眼实现第二个百年奋斗目标、把握未来发展主动权，审时度势作出的重大决策部署，是重塑我国国际合作和竞争新优势的战略抉择，是一项关系我国发展全局的重大战略任务。从理论上看，构建新发展格局继承和发展了马克思主义政治经济学关于经济循环、社会再生产等理论分析框架，在科学回答新时代我国经济发展的时代之问中，深化了我们党对中国特色社会主义经济发展规律的认识，实现了对马克思主义政治经济学的创新发展。从实践上看，构建新发展格局明确了我国经济现代化的路径选择，能够指导我们如何增强国内大循环内生动力和可靠性、如何在推进经济全球化健康发展中提升国际循环质量和水平、如何更好统筹国内循环和国际循环等，为我国由经济大国向经济强国转变提供了科学路径。

Deeply understanding and accurately grasping the theoretical connotations, innovative contributions, and practical requirements of constructing a new development pattern—this original and distinctive concept—helps us improve political awareness, enhance strategic thinking, upgrade professional capabilities, and do economic work well. In the current complex and volatile international situation, it helps us maintain strategic determination, strengthen development confidence, and respond to various uncertainties with the certainty of high-quality development.

深刻领会、准确把握构建新发展格局这一原创性概念、标识性概念的理论内涵、创新贡献和实践要求，有利于我们提高政治意识、增强战略思维、提升专业能力、做好经济工作，在当前复杂多变的国际形势下保持战略定力、坚定发展信心，以高质量发展的确定性应对各种不确定性。

Deepening Understanding of Economic Circulation Laws in Marxist Political Economy

深化了马克思主义政治经济学关于经济循环规律的认识

Economic operation is a dynamic cycle that repeats and spirals upward. Economic circulation is an important subject of study in Marxist political economy. Marxism holds that economic operation is a cyclical and repetitive movement process of four links: production, distribution, exchange, and consumption, where production serves as the starting point, consumption as the endpoint, and distribution and exchange as intermediate links. In this cyclical movement process, production determines distribution, exchange, and consumption, while distribution, exchange, and consumption react back on production, forming relationships of mutual connection, interdependence, and mutual promotion among all links. Generally speaking, if economic circulation is smooth, material products and social wealth continuously increase, achieving effective balance between supply and demand, and national economic operation will form a benign development process of spiral ascent; if the links are not smooth and circulation is blocked, it will affect the quality and efficiency of economic operation.

经济运行是一个周而复始、螺旋上升的动态循环。经济循环是马克思主义政治经济学研究的重要内容。马克思主义认为，经济运行是生产、分配、交换、消费四个环节的循环往复运动过程，其中生产表现为起点，消费表现为终点，分配和交换表现为中间环节。在这个循环往复运动的过程中，生产决定分配、交换、消费，分配、交换、消费反作用于生产，各个环节之间形成相互联系、相互依存、相互促进的关系。一般来看，如果经济循环畅通，物质产品和社会财富持续增加，实现供需有效平衡，国民经济运行将形成螺旋上升的良性发展过程；如果各环节之间不畅通、循环受阻，则会影响经济运行的质效。

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The advantage of a large economy is internal circularity" and "We must coordinate the relationship between total supply and total demand, smooth national economic circulation" and "The smoother domestic circulation becomes, the more it can form a gravitational field for global resources and factors, the more conducive it is to constructing a new development pattern with domestic circulation as the main body and domestic and international dual circulation mutually promoting each other, and the more conducive it is to forming new advantages in participating in international competition and cooperation." Currently, China is in a critical period of economic structural transformation, industrial optimization and upgrading, and consumption expansion and quality improvement. At the same time, there are still many bottlenecks and chokepoints in building a unified national market. This places higher requirements on promoting smooth economic circulation and achieving dynamic balance and positive interaction between supply and demand. From the realistic characteristics of China's super-large market scale and the continued existence of unbalanced and inadequate development problems, smoothing economic circulation cannot start from a single link alone but requires simultaneous efforts targeting all links of production, distribution, exchange, and consumption, enabling organic connection and circular flow of various combinations of production factors across all links, continuously improving the quality and efficiency of national economic operation.

习近平总书记指出："大国经济的优势就是内部可循环""必须统筹好总供给和总需求的关系，畅通国民经济循环""国内循环越顺畅，越能形成对全球资源要素的引力场，越有利于构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局，越有利于形成参与国际竞争和合作新优势。"当前，我国正处于经济结构转型、产业优化升级、消费扩容提质的关键期，同时全国统一大市场建设还存在不少堵点、卡点问题。这对促进经济循环畅通无阻，实现供给和需求两端的动态平衡、良性互动提出了更高要求。从我国市场规模超大、发展不平衡不充分问题仍然存在等现实特征来看，畅通经济循环不能仅从单一环节入手，需要针对生产、分配、交换、消费各环节同时发力，使各种生产要素的组合在各环节有机衔接、循环流转，持续不断提高国民经济运行的质效。

Constructing a new development pattern further enriches and expands the connotations and extensions of each link in the analytical framework of economic circulation in Marxist political economy, emphasizing the need to clear bottlenecks and breakpoints in the economic circulation process, promote organic connection of various production factors and their combinations across production, distribution, circulation, and consumption links, with simultaneous efforts and coordinated cooperation on both supply and demand sides, achieving virtuous circulation of the national economy. This transcends the limitations of Western economics in analyzing capitalist economic operation by ignoring the internal connections between supply and demand, and more profoundly answers major propositions about how to smooth economic circulation and better coordinate supply-demand relationships under socialist market economy conditions. First, it not only emphasizes balance between supply and demand but also places greater emphasis on enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of supply structure to demand changes under conditions of technological progress. This will fully stimulate the role of "production" as the starting point and "consumption" as the endpoint in national economic circulation, forming a higher-level dynamic balance where demand drives supply and supply creates demand. Therefore, we must persist in coordinated efforts and dynamic balance on both supply and demand sides, organically combining the implementation of the strategy to expand domestic demand with deepening supply-side structural reform, achieving total balance, structural optimization, and internal-external equilibrium between supply and demand. Second, it emphasizes optimizing and improving the distribution system, making the "cake" bigger while dividing it well, taking the improvement of people's quality of life as both the starting point and destination for smoothing domestic circulation and the key connecting point for mutual promotion of domestic and international dual circulation. This is not only a vivid manifestation of the fundamental purpose of socialist production but also conducive to enhancing the endogenous driving force of high-quality development. Therefore, we must establish and improve long-term mechanisms for expanding residents' consumption, effectively protect workers' treatment and rights, continuously expand the middle-income group, seek more benefits for people's livelihood and solve more concerns about people's livelihood, and activate the potential of the "distribution" link to promote economic circulation. Third, it highlights the fundamental role of the circulation system in the national economy, expanding the "exchange" link to encompass unified national market construction, including commerce, logistics, transportation, finance, credit, and other aspects, enriching the spatial scenarios and involved fields of the "exchange" link.

构建新发展格局进一步丰富拓展了马克思主义政治经济学关于经济循环分析框架中各环节的内涵外延，强调要打通经济循环过程中的堵点断点，促进各种生产要素及其组合在生产、分配、流通、消费各环节有机衔接，供需两端同时发力、协调配合，实现国民经济良性循环。这超越了西方经济学在分析资本主义经济运行时忽视供需之间内在联系的局限性，更深刻回答了在社会主义市场经济条件下如何畅通经济循环、如何更好协同供需关系等重大命题。一是不仅强调供给和需求相互之间的平衡，同时更加重视在技术进步条件下增强供给结构对需求变化的适应性和灵活性。这将充分激发"生产"这个起点和"消费"这个终点在国民经济循环中的作用，形成需求牵引供给、供给创造需求的更高水平动态平衡。为此，必须坚持供需两侧协同发力、动态平衡，把实施扩大内需战略同深化供给侧结构性改革有机结合起来，实现供给与需求总量平衡、结构优化、内外均衡。二是强调优化完善分配制度，在做大"蛋糕"的同时分好"蛋糕"，把提高人民生活品质作为畅通国内大循环的出发点和落脚点以及国内国际双循环相互促进的关键联结点。这不仅是社会主义生产根本目的的生动体现，也有利于增强高质量发展的内生动力。为此，要建立和完善扩大居民消费的长效机制，切实保障劳动者待遇和权益，不断壮大中等收入群体规模，多谋民生之利、多解民生之忧，激活"分配"环节促进经济循环的潜力。三是突出流通体系在国民经济中的基础性作用，将"交换"环节拓展为涵盖全国统一大市场建设，包含商贸、物流、交通、金融、信用等多方面，丰富了"交换"环节的空间场景和涉及领域。